Difference between revisions of "Children"
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=== Target Population: Children === | === Target Population: Children === | ||
| − | The world 'Child' (plural: Children) is used to define a human being between infancy and youth. <ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/child</ref>It may also be used to describe a relationship with human parents (son or daughter). Legally, the term 'Child' is used to establish a clear distinction of age so as to withhold or accord legal responsibility. The age of majority in Singapore is 21 but the definition of child differs | + | The world 'Child' (plural: Children) is used to define a human being between infancy and youth. <ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/child</ref>It may also be used to describe a relationship with human parents (son or daughter). Legally, the term 'Child' is used to establish a clear distinction of age so as to withhold or accord legal responsibility and protection. The age of majority in Singapore is 21 but there is no single threshold age of majority for all purposes, the definition of child differs under specific legislations. |
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| + | The Children and Young Person Act (CYPA) 2001 defines a “child” as a person below the age of 14 and “young person” as a person who is between 14 and 16 years of age. A male or female person who is 7 years of age or above but below the age of 16 years is also termed a 'juvenile'. Under the Employment Act, a “child” and a “young person” are defined similarly. <ref>https://www.childrensociety.org.sg/resources/front/template/scs/files/child_protection.pdf</ref> | ||
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| + | The Women’s Charter <ref>https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Act/WC1961?ProvIds=legis#legis</ref> defines “a child” as a child of the marriage who is below 21 years, and a “minor” as “a person who is below the age of 21 years and who is not married, or a widower or a widow”. Under the women's charter, any person who has carnal knowledge of a girl below the age of 16 years, except by way of marriage, is guilty of an offence. Under section 375 of the Penal Code, a man is liable for an offence of statutory rape (and more) if he has sexual intercourse with a girl below the age of 14 years even with her consent. Section 377D of the Penal Code also states that sexual offenders above the age of 21 cannot claim ignorance or mistaken belief about the victim's age as a defence, while those below 21 years can, if that person is of the opposite sex, and if the offender has not committed any similar sexual offences before. | ||
===Client Segments=== | ===Client Segments=== | ||
Revision as of 11:04, 18 June 2018
Contents
Definitions and Scope
Target Population: Children
The world 'Child' (plural: Children) is used to define a human being between infancy and youth. [1]It may also be used to describe a relationship with human parents (son or daughter). Legally, the term 'Child' is used to establish a clear distinction of age so as to withhold or accord legal responsibility and protection. The age of majority in Singapore is 21 but there is no single threshold age of majority for all purposes, the definition of child differs under specific legislations.
The Children and Young Person Act (CYPA) 2001 defines a “child” as a person below the age of 14 and “young person” as a person who is between 14 and 16 years of age. A male or female person who is 7 years of age or above but below the age of 16 years is also termed a 'juvenile'. Under the Employment Act, a “child” and a “young person” are defined similarly. [2]
The Women’s Charter [3] defines “a child” as a child of the marriage who is below 21 years, and a “minor” as “a person who is below the age of 21 years and who is not married, or a widower or a widow”. Under the women's charter, any person who has carnal knowledge of a girl below the age of 16 years, except by way of marriage, is guilty of an offence. Under section 375 of the Penal Code, a man is liable for an offence of statutory rape (and more) if he has sexual intercourse with a girl below the age of 14 years even with her consent. Section 377D of the Penal Code also states that sexual offenders above the age of 21 cannot claim ignorance or mistaken belief about the victim's age as a defence, while those below 21 years can, if that person is of the opposite sex, and if the offender has not committed any similar sexual offences before.
Client Segments
[Eg. For at risk youth, some could have behavioural problems and be beyond parental control. Others could merely be disengaged and bored in school. Because it seems like different engagement strategies can be customized to these sub-types, it may make sense to segmentize.]
Size of the Problem
[Size of the universe (size of total potential need/demand for services)] [Size of expressed need (those receiving services and on waitlist)]
Desired impact for target group
[If we have no conception of what counts as a ‘good death’, ‘social inclusion’, ‘engaged youth’ , then it would not be possible to determine whether our policies and services are performing well]
Needs of [insert client type]
Need for affordable and quality early childhood education
Average cost of early childhood education is about $1k but premium brands charge up to twice the amount (ST 18 Sep 2017)
Existing Resources
Gaps and Their Causes
Dr Chan Lin Ho, a senior lecturer in early childhood education at the Singapore University of Social Sciences (SUSS), said pricing is not a reliable indicator of quality, which also encompasses how adults interact with children at a pre-school (ST 18 Sep 2017)
Possible Solutions
Dr Theresa Lu, SUSS' head of early childhood education programmes, added that pre-schools that do not have extensive facilities can use resources in the neighbourhood "to provide the extension of learning experiences for children beyond their classrooms" (ST 18 Sep 2017)
Need for adequate parenting
Existing Resources
Gaps and Their Causes
Possible Solutions
-Licensing and monitoring of parents: LaFollette (2010) on a licensing system for parents. However, this risks wrongly categorizing some parents as incompetent parents since there is no perfect predictive instrument. Monitoring of parents will allow balance of the values of privacy and of protecting children from harm. (See Allyn Fives, 2017 Evaluating Parenting Power: chapter 8 on Licensing, monitoring and training of parents)
Need for [ insert description ]
Existing Resources
Gaps and Their Causes
Possible Solutions
Need for [ insert description ]
Existing Resources
Gaps and Their Causes
Possible Solutions
Need for [ insert description ]
Existing Resources
Gaps and Their Causes
Possible Solutions
Resource Directory
Mainly I Love Kids (MILK)
Social Care Institute for Excellence (UK)
Independent charity that identifies and shares knowledge about what works and what’s new, with huge focus on children's services