Difference between revisions of "Lengkok Bahru"

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==Definitions and Scope| | ==
 
==Definitions and Scope| | ==
−
===Target Population: Residents of Lengkok Bahru| | ===
+
===Target Population: Residents of Lengkok Bahru's Public Rental Housing| |===
−
*Identify and define your target group, and state who is included or excluded.Look at research reports, national guidelines, laws , etc.
+
*Families under the Public Rental Housing Scheme are highly likely to be financially needy, a factor that impacts all areas of life- especially childcare and child development
−
*You want to get it just right; not too broad that it includes those you may not want to include, and not too narrow that it excludes those you want to help.
+
*Poverty is linked to many life outcomes including academic performance, employability, physical and mental health 
−
**You might be too exclusive: e.g. defining ‘vulnerable’ seniors as ‘low-income’, but you may want to include those without family support. Therefore, you may want to define vulnerable as ‘poor and/or with low family support’.
+
*Lengkok Bahru has 6 blocks of residential flats under the public rental housing scheme
−
**You might be too inclusive: e.g. ‘latchkey kids’ may include those who have working parents, or those with serious behavioural problems.
+
*The neighbourhood as a context has its own unique set of strengths and assets to serve the complex needs of the residents and vice versa, the residents have their own unique set of strengths for the community 
 
===Client Segments| | ===
 
===Client Segments| | ===
 
*Low income families 
 
*Low income families 
−
*Children and youth from low income families 
+
*Children and youth from low income families
 +
*Low income elderly  
 
===Size of Target Population| | ===
 
===Size of Target Population| | ===
−
*
+
*To be assessed 
 
==Desired Outcomes| | ==
 
==Desired Outcomes| | ==
−
*
+
*To be discussed 
−
==Needs of Children from Low Income Families | | ==
+
==Needs of Children Residing in Public Rental Blocks | | ==
 
----
 
----
−
====Need for | | ====
+
====Need for Academic Support | | ====
−
*A need should be defined from the perspective of the target group, and not others such as the people or services serving them.
+
*Children and youth from low-income families tend to struggle more at school. Correlations have been reported between financial backgrounds of family and academic performance. <ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228363029_Poverty_and_educational_achievement_why_do_children_from_low-income_families_tend_to_do_less_well_at_school</ref>This is consistent throughout all OECD countries. 
−
*Needs should not be identified in term of its specific solutions, e.g. youths need mentoring, seniors need hospice care, people with disabilities need day care. Instead, they should be defined in more ‘perennial terms’ because the solutions can change where needs remain
+
*Likewise in Singapore, the challenge with schooling for children from low-income families in Singapore begin from early childhood. Children from low-income families have high rates of pre-school absenteeism. <ref>https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/big-read-educators-flag-absentee-rate-children-low-income-families-concern</ref>
−
**For example, I don’t need a CD player, or even an mp3 player, I need ‘portable music’ and currently the best solution seems to be Spotify.
+
*Socio-economic strata is also shown to be correlated with English literacy- a key necessity for schooling achievement in Singapore.<ref>https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstream/10497/3339/1/CRP22and23_04AL_Conf08%28AERA%29_VaishTan.pdf</ref>
−
*Where data is available, indicate the size of this specific need & projected demand, e.g., there is 1 million children, with 1.2 million projected in ten years time. You can locate such information through research, using proxies or getting inputs from key stakeholders where data is unavailable such as the government, community agencies, legislators etc.
+
*Low-income parents are less equipped to provide their children with schooling assistance either with tuition or in person, given their financial struggles and high propensity to be in shift work. 
−
*Include a synoptic statement - a summary of how existing resources (if any) have been meeting the need, and gaps that still exist
 
−
**For example, "Even though there are 1,510 childcare centres across Singapore[[Template#cite note-1|[1]]], 80% of low-income single mothers cannot afford them as they earn less than $1,500 a month.
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|STATISTICS
 
|STATISTICS
−
*7,000 children aged 6 and below have developmental difficulties as of 2015[[Template#cite note-2|[2]]]
+
*
−
*Between 2010 and 2014, KKH and NUS screenings show a 76% increase in children 6 and below with developmental issues such as development delays, speech and language delays, learning difficulties and autism spectrum disorders (ASD)[[Template#cite note-3|[3]]]
 
 
|}
 
|}
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
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|-
 
|-
 
|'''Weekly tuition program by self-help group Mendaki<ref>http://mts.mendaki.org.sg/tuition.html#CTP</ref>'''
 
|'''Weekly tuition program by self-help group Mendaki<ref>http://mts.mendaki.org.sg/tuition.html#CTP</ref>'''
−
*Curriculum is designed by Mendaki and offered to children from families 
+
*Curriculum is designed by Mendaki and offered to children from families in the area
 
'''MENDAKI Tuition Scheme (MTS)'''
 
'''MENDAKI Tuition Scheme (MTS)'''
 
*Programs offered for primary to secondary school levels 
 
*Programs offered for primary to secondary school levels 
Line 45: Line 43:
 
*Fees apply
 
*Fees apply
 
|
 
|
−
* Based on a survey done in 2015, most students from low income families in the area were failing at least 1 subject, with 42.4% failing 2 subjects in primary school<ref>http://beyondresearch.sg/education-survey/</ref>. 
+
*Based on a survey done in 2015, most students from low income families residing in the area were failing at least 1 subject, with 42.4% failing 2 subjects in primary school<ref>http://beyondresearch.sg/education-survey/</ref>. 
−
* English literacy could be a determinant in school performance for the children. 
+
*English literacy was hypothesised to be a determinant in school performance for the children. 
−
* There has been feedback that the homework assigned by the tuition program could also be too difficult for the children. Parents however are ill equipped to provide assistance. 
 
 
|
 
|
−
* More research to look into the efficacy of the program and 
+
*More research can be done to look into the efficacy of the tuition program offered and how to improve on existing gaps if any 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|'''Weekly Homework Club by Volunteering Group Saturdays @ Lengkok'''
 
|'''Weekly Homework Club by Volunteering Group Saturdays @ Lengkok'''
−
* Offered to all students living in the public rental housing scheme blocks 
+
*Offered to all students living in the public rental housing scheme blocks 
−
* No fees 
+
*No fees 
−
* Homework assistance and extra tuition 
+
*Homework assistance and extra tuition 
−
* Befriending 
+
*Befriending 
 
|
 
|
−
* As above, grades have not seen huge improvements but organisers see this more as providing a safe space to receive homework assistance 
+
*As above, student grades might not have improved despite academic coaching 
−
* Finding conducive locations for the homework club has not been easy 
 
 
|
 
|
 +
*As above, more research can be done to look into the efficacy of the homework program offered and how to improve on existing gaps if any 
 
|}
 
|}
 
----
 
----
−
====Need for (insert description)| | ====
+
====Need for conducive spaces for child activities| | ====
−
*(Synoptic Statement)
+
*Children residing in public rental housing might not always have access to spaces conducive for all of their needs, most especially homework and academic activities. The public rental flat is small and also at times could be shared between one other family. Finding a quiet and conducive space to concentrate in is not easy. 
 +
*The Lengkok Bahru neighbourhood has a few well designed community spaces but children might not always be able to access them when needed because they are shared 
 +
*A conducive environment is one of the essentials to maintain focus in academic learning 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|STATISTICS
 
|STATISTICS
−
*(e.g., there are 1 million children in Singapore - please cite)
+
*
 
|}
 
|}
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
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|POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
 
|POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Existing services or programmes both private or public, including relevant policies and legislation, to meet the need. (e.g., Childcare Centres)
+
|'''Leng Kee Park'''
−
|Find these out from relevant sources - newspapers, reports, surveys, interviews with key stakeholders etc. Some gaps could be due to: 1) capacity of solution to meet size & projected demand, 2) quality of solution (effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability, scalability etc.), 3) accessibility (geographical, cost to client)]
+
*"A multigenerational space, fitted with a new futsal court, amphitheatre, fitness corner and playground."<ref>https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/leng-kee-park-transformed-space-all-ages-after-s11m-facelift</ref>
−
|Based on the specific gaps and reasons for those gaps, what might be solutions that can help? Insert existing but untapped resources, or new ideas that have not been considered yet.
+
*Lit at night and generally safe for children to play 
 +
|
 +
*Predominantly a space for free play and relatively little else
 +
*Might not always accommodate all children and their needs at all times (negotiation for space required)
 +
*Google Reviews reflect the child-friendliness of the park especially the play-stations but also highlighted the presence of smokers as a con 
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|'''Leng Kee Community Centre'''
 +
*Newly renovated, it is "now 5,594 sq m, compared with the previous floor size of 3,966 sq m, and comes with a new culinary studio, sheltered basketball court, sky garden, and more classrooms."<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/leng-kee-community-club-reopens-after-two-year-renovation</ref>
 +
*There's also a "300-book Leng Kee Mobile Library - called "mobile" because the shelves can be moved around the CC - will be permanently stationed at the CC to encourage reading among the young."
 +
*An open concept not 'where the boundaries are marked by tall plants...not locked and fenced up like it was before.'
 +
|
 +
*Access to use of facilities would mostly be through courses and this require payment which is difficult for the families with financial struggles
 +
*Use of the open facilities like the basketball court is openly shared with all community residents and might not always accommodate the children's needs at all times 
 +
*Provides classroom for Saturdays@Lengkok
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|'''Void Deck Areas'''
 +
*Open space for residents under the HDB blocks with tables and chairs 
 +
*Free for use 
 +
|
 +
*Not conducive for homework or reading but fine for certain games 
 +
*Not a designated space for children and therefore subjected to negotiation for use 
 +
*Presence of smoking is also common
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|  '''The Salvation Army (Tanglin)'''
 +
*Salvation Army Headquarters
 +
*Provides classrooms for Saturdays@Lengkok at a basic charge therefore a space resource in the area 
 +
|
 +
* Has no existing features for children activity
 +
* Access to this space requires the presence of a program 
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|'''Enabling Village'''
 +
*
 +
|
 +
|
 
|}
 
|}
 
----
 
----
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#[[Template#cite ref-2|Jump up ↑]] https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/big-read-special-needs-children-pre-school-not-given-0
 
#[[Template#cite ref-2|Jump up ↑]] https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/big-read-special-needs-children-pre-school-not-given-0
 
#[[Template#cite ref-3|Jump up ↑]] https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/more-preschoolers-diagnosed-developmental-issues
 
#[[Template#cite ref-3|Jump up ↑]] https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/more-preschoolers-diagnosed-developmental-issues
 +
<references />

Latest revision as of 10:06, 30 December 2018

Definitions and Scope| | 

Target Population: Residents of Lengkok Bahru's Public Rental Housing| |

  • Families under the Public Rental Housing Scheme are highly likely to be financially needy, a factor that impacts all areas of life- especially childcare and child development
  • Poverty is linked to many life outcomes including academic performance, employability, physical and mental health 
  • Lengkok Bahru has 6 blocks of residential flats under the public rental housing scheme
  • The neighbourhood as a context has its own unique set of strengths and assets to serve the complex needs of the residents and vice versa, the residents have their own unique set of strengths for the community 

Client Segments| | 

  • Low income families 
  • Children and youth from low income families
  • Low income elderly  

Size of Target Population| | 

  • To be assessed 

Desired Outcomes| | 

  • To be discussed 

Needs of Children Residing in Public Rental Blocks | | 

Need for Academic Support | | 

  • Children and youth from low-income families tend to struggle more at school. Correlations have been reported between financial backgrounds of family and academic performance. [1]This is consistent throughout all OECD countries. 
  • Likewise in Singapore, the challenge with schooling for children from low-income families in Singapore begin from early childhood. Children from low-income families have high rates of pre-school absenteeism. [2]
  • Socio-economic strata is also shown to be correlated with English literacy- a key necessity for schooling achievement in Singapore.[3]
  • Low-income parents are less equipped to provide their children with schooling assistance either with tuition or in person, given their financial struggles and high propensity to be in shift work. 
STATISTICS
EXISTING RESOURCES GAPS AND THEIR CAUSES POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Weekly tuition program by self-help group Mendaki[4]
  • Curriculum is designed by Mendaki and offered to children from families in the area

MENDAKI Tuition Scheme (MTS)

  • Programs offered for primary to secondary school levels 
  • For Muslim Singaporean or Singapore Permanent Residents who obtained 75 marks and below in at least one of the tuition subject for SA2 in the application year.
  • Fees apply 

Collaborative Tuition Programme (CTP)

  • For Singaporean and Singapore Permanent Residents (All races), who obtained between 35 and 65 marks for each tuition subject for SA2 in the application year; 
  • For Chinese students, gross monthly total household income must be of $3300 and below, or gross monthly household’s per capita income of $900 and below.
  • For Eurasian students, gross monthly total household income must be less than $3000, or gross monthly household’s per capita income less than $800.
  • For Malay and Indian students, there is no income criteria.
  • Fees apply
  • Based on a survey done in 2015, most students from low income families residing in the area were failing at least 1 subject, with 42.4% failing 2 subjects in primary school[5]. 
  • English literacy was hypothesised to be a determinant in school performance for the children. 
  • More research can be done to look into the efficacy of the tuition program offered and how to improve on existing gaps if any 
Weekly Homework Club by Volunteering Group Saturdays @ Lengkok
  • Offered to all students living in the public rental housing scheme blocks 
  • No fees 
  • Homework assistance and extra tuition 
  • Befriending 
  • As above, student grades might not have improved despite academic coaching 
  • As above, more research can be done to look into the efficacy of the homework program offered and how to improve on existing gaps if any 

Need for conducive spaces for child activities| | 

  • Children residing in public rental housing might not always have access to spaces conducive for all of their needs, most especially homework and academic activities. The public rental flat is small and also at times could be shared between one other family. Finding a quiet and conducive space to concentrate in is not easy. 
  • The Lengkok Bahru neighbourhood has a few well designed community spaces but children might not always be able to access them when needed because they are shared 
  • A conducive environment is one of the essentials to maintain focus in academic learning
STATISTICS
EXISTING RESOURCES GAPS AND THEIR CAUSES POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Leng Kee Park
  • "A multigenerational space, fitted with a new futsal court, amphitheatre, fitness corner and playground."[6]
  • Lit at night and generally safe for children to play 
  • Predominantly a space for free play and relatively little else
  • Might not always accommodate all children and their needs at all times (negotiation for space required)
  • Google Reviews reflect the child-friendliness of the park especially the play-stations but also highlighted the presence of smokers as a con 
Leng Kee Community Centre
  • Newly renovated, it is "now 5,594 sq m, compared with the previous floor size of 3,966 sq m, and comes with a new culinary studio, sheltered basketball court, sky garden, and more classrooms."[7]
  • There's also a "300-book Leng Kee Mobile Library - called "mobile" because the shelves can be moved around the CC - will be permanently stationed at the CC to encourage reading among the young."
  • An open concept not 'where the boundaries are marked by tall plants...not locked and fenced up like it was before.'
  • Access to use of facilities would mostly be through courses and this require payment which is difficult for the families with financial struggles
  • Use of the open facilities like the basketball court is openly shared with all community residents and might not always accommodate the children's needs at all times 
  • Provides classroom for Saturdays@Lengkok
Void Deck Areas
  • Open space for residents under the HDB blocks with tables and chairs 
  • Free for use 
  • Not conducive for homework or reading but fine for certain games 
  • Not a designated space for children and therefore subjected to negotiation for use 
  • Presence of smoking is also common
The Salvation Army (Tanglin)
  • Salvation Army Headquarters
  • Provides classrooms for Saturdays@Lengkok at a basic charge therefore a space resource in the area
  • Has no existing features for children activity
  • Access to this space requires the presence of a program
Enabling Village

Need for (insert description)| | 

  • (Synoptic Statement)
STATISTICS
  • (e.g., there are 1 million children in Singapore - please cite)
EXISTING RESOURCES GAPS AND THEIR CAUSES POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Existing services or programmes both private or public, including relevant policies and legislation, to meet the need. (e.g., Childcare Centres) Find these out from relevant sources - newspapers, reports, surveys, interviews with key stakeholders etc. Some gaps could be due to: 1) capacity of solution to meet size & projected demand, 2) quality of solution (effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability, scalability etc.), 3) accessibility (geographical, cost to client)] Based on the specific gaps and reasons for those gaps, what might be solutions that can help? Insert existing but untapped resources, or new ideas that have not been considered yet.

Resource Directory| | 

[insert organization name]| | 

Insert web link

[insert organization name]| | 

Insert web link

  1. Jump up ↑ https://data.gov.sg/dataset/list-of-childcare-centres
  2. Jump up ↑ https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/big-read-special-needs-children-pre-school-not-given-0
  3. Jump up ↑ https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/more-preschoolers-diagnosed-developmental-issues
  1. ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228363029_Poverty_and_educational_achievement_why_do_children_from_low-income_families_tend_to_do_less_well_at_school
  2. ↑ https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/big-read-educators-flag-absentee-rate-children-low-income-families-concern
  3. ↑ https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstream/10497/3339/1/CRP22and23_04AL_Conf08%28AERA%29_VaishTan.pdf
  4. ↑ http://mts.mendaki.org.sg/tuition.html#CTP
  5. ↑ http://beyondresearch.sg/education-survey/
  6. ↑ https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/leng-kee-park-transformed-space-all-ages-after-s11m-facelift
  7. ↑ https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/leng-kee-community-club-reopens-after-two-year-renovation
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